The EU defense policy is experiencing a divide as France advocates for weapons produced in Europe, while other countries caution against distancing themselves from the U.S. in the face of increasing geopolitical dangers.
Leaders of the European Union are convening in Brussels for a crucial summit centered on the future of EU defense, amid rising concerns regarding military expenditure and arms acquisition.
Referred to by some as 'open heart surgery,' the summit seeks to tackle the EU's defense strategy in light of increasing threats, particularly from Russia.
This meeting underscores a rift between France and other EU members, with Paris advocating for the use of European taxpayer funds to bolster locally designed and manufactured military systems.
France’s position has met opposition from countries such as Germany, Poland, and the Baltic nations, which caution that excluding U.S. arms manufacturers from EU defense funding could jeopardize relations with the United States, especially considering President
Donald Trump’s transactional foreign policy approach.
Numerous nations are keen to swiftly acquire military equipment to enhance defenses against Russian aggression, with Poland investing billions in U.S. weapons and other NATO allies seeking rapid access to readily available equipment.
The EU is currently deliberating a €1.5 billion defense industry initiative, which some member states argue should be significantly increased to €100 billion by 2027, with a considerable fraction earmarked for arms purchases from NATO allies, including the U.S. Currently, over 60% of EU defense orders come from the U.S., a figure that France and a few others aim to decrease by strengthening European defense capabilities.
Greek representatives have allied with France in calling for more EU-manufactured weaponry, asserting that it would bolster Europe's strategic autonomy, especially if NATO were to face challenges in the future.
The summit will also tackle broader geopolitical concerns, including Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and the EU’s imperative for heightened defense accountability.
Despite the pressing nature of these discussions, there are doubts about achieving a major breakthrough, as the EU's diplomatic leadership works to maintain the Atlantic alliance while seeking a path forward on defense expenditure.
Additionally, NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte and U.K. Prime Minister Keir Starmer will participate in the meeting, marking the first time a British leader has attended such a summit since Brexit.
EU Council President
António Costa faces the challenge of steering through these intricate issues, with prospects for a cohesive approach to EU defense remaining uncertain.